ABU HAMID AL-GHAZALI (1058-1128 C.E.)

Abu Hamid Ibn Muhammad Ibn Muhammad al-Tusi al-Shafi’i al-Ghazali was born in 1058 C.E. in Khorasan, Iran. His dad died while he was still very young but he had the opening of getting learning in the common curriculum at Nishapur and Baghdad. Soon he came by a high benchmark of scholarship in belief and philosophy and was honored by his appointment as a Professor at the Nizamiyah University of Baghdad, which was recognized as one of the most reputed organisations of discovering in the golden era of Muslim annals.

After a few years, although, he provided up his learned pursuits and worldly concerns and became a strolling ascetic. This was a process (period) of mystical transformation. subsequent, he resumed his educating duties, but afresh left these. An era of solitary life, devoted to contemplation and writing then ensued, which led to the scribe- boat of a number of everlasting books. He died in 1128 C.E. at Baghdad.

Ghazali’s major contribution lies in religion, beliefs and Sufism. A number of Muslim philosophers had been following and developing some viewpoints of Greek beliefs, encompassing the Neoplatonic philosophy, and this was leading to confrontation with several Islamic teachings. On the other hand, the action of Sufism was assuming such unwarranted percentages as to avoid observance of obligatory prayers and obligations of Islam. founded on his unquestionable scholarship and individual mystical know-how, Ghazali searched to fix these tendencies, both in philosophy and sufism.

In beliefs, Ghazali supported the approach of mathematics and accurate sciences as vitally correct. However, he taken up the methods of Aristotelian reasoning and the Neoplatonic methods and employed these very tools to lay bare the flaws and lacunas of the then common Neoplatonic beliefs and to diminish the negative influences of Aristotelianism and unwarranted rationalism. In compare to some of the Muslim philosophers, e.g., Farabi, he depicted the incompetence of reason to comprehend the absolute and the infinite. cause could not transcend the finite and was restricted to the observation of the relation. furthermore, several Muslim philosophers had held that the cosmos was finite in space but infinite in time. Ghazali argued that an infinite time was associated to an infinite space. With his clarity of thought and force of argument, he was able to conceive a balance between belief and cause, and recognised their respective spheres as being the infinite and the finite, respectively.

In belief, especially mysticism, he cleansed the approach of Sufism of its excesses and reestablished the administration of the orthodox religion. Yet, he worried the importance of authentic Sufism, which he sustained was the route to attain the absolute reality.

He was a prolific author. His immortal books encompass Tuhafut al-Falasifa (The Incoherence of the Philosophers), Ihya al-‘Ulum al-Islamia (The renewal of the devout Sciences), “The starting of Guidance and his Autobiography”, “Deliverance from Error”. Some of his works were converted into European dialects in the Middle Ages. He also composed a abstract of astronomy.

Ghazali’s leverage was deep and everlasting. He is one of the utmost theologians of Islam. His theological doctrines penetrated Europe, leveraged Jewish and Christian Scholasticism and some of his arguments seem to have been taken up by St. Thomas Aquinas in order to likewise reinstate the authority of orthodox Christian religion in the West. So forceful was his argument in the favor of religion that he was suspect of impairing the origin of philosophy and, in the Muslim Spain, Ibn Rushd (Averros) wrote a rejoinder to his Tuhafut.

Kratka pojašnjenja : "Islam je sastavljen od pet stvari: šehadeta i svjedočenja da nema drugog boga osim Allaha – la ilahe illalah, i da je Muhammed Allahov Poslanik – Muhammedun Resulullah, od klanjanja namaza, davanja zekata, obavljanja hadždža i posta mjeseca ramazana!". Klanjanje namaza, Namaz - molitva Allahu dž.š. Zekjat - 2.5% od imovine koja se ne koristi (zlato, novac, nekretnine) koju svaki Musliman izdvaja godišnje za pomoć siromašnima. Hadždž - vjerski obred koji vrši onaj ko može najmanje jednom u životu. Post - proces čuvanja tijela od grijeha, vode i hrane tokom mjeseca Ramazana. Ramazan - mjesec u Islamskom kalendaru u kome je početo objavljivanje Kur'an-a. Islamski kalendar se mjeri Mjesečevom-Lunarnom godinom. Hadis- predanje koje se prenosi od poslanika Muhameda s.a.w.s. Buhari, Muslim dva najpoznatija verodostojna sakupljača i objavljivača Hadisa. Za više pročitajte : šta je islam